1. Pre-treat wastewater: reduce heating system burden at source

The core cause of scaling and blockage in heating systems is the presence of high levels of salt, calcium, magnesium ions, or impurities in the wastewater. Pre-treatment is required to reduce the risk:

High-hardness wastewater (exceeding calcium and magnesium ion standards): Install a softening device (such as an ion exchange resin or scale inhibitor dosing system) upstream to control the hardness below 50mg/L (refer to the equipment manual for standards) to prevent hard scale buildup in heating pipes.

Wastewater containing suspended impurities: Install a filter screen at the inlet end + a sedimentation tank. The filter screen should have a precision of 50-100 mesh (adjusted according to the particle size of the wastewater impurities). Clean the filter screen regularly to prevent impurities from blocking the heating tube or circulating pump, which can lead to local overheating.

High organic wastewater: If the organic matter is prone to coking (such as containing oil and grease, high molecular polymers), pre-treatment with demulsification and oxidation can be used to reduce the adhesion of organic matter on the heating surface and avoid the formation of oil layers that affect heat transfer.

2. Regular cleaning and maintenance: avoid malfunction caused by dirt and blockage

Clean the key components of the heating system at regular intervals, with the frequency adjusted according to the degree of wastewater pollution (generally once every 1-3 months):

Cleaning of heating tube/heat exchange surface: After shutdown, immerse in a citric acid solution (5%-10% concentration) for 2-4 hours (for calcium and magnesium scale), or rinse with a neutral cleaning agent (such as diluted dishwashing liquid) (for oil stains). Avoid using strong acids or alkalis to prevent corrosion of the heating tube; after cleaning, rinse with clean water to remove any residual chemicals.

Cleaning of heat exchanger in heat pump system: The fins of the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump are prone to dust accumulation. Use a high-pressure air gun (0.3-0.5MPa) to blow off dust monthly, or use a low-pressure water gun to flush (avoid deformation of the fins). If there is severe scaling, soak the fins in a special fin cleaning agent and then flush them.

Circulating system cleaning: Regularly (every 2 months) clean the inlet filter screen and circulating pipeline of the circulating pump to prevent impurities from accumulating and causing slow water flow, which can lead to uneven heating.

3. Standard operation: avoid overload and dry burning caused by human operation

Reduce the damage to the heating system caused by misoperations through standardized operations:

Pre-startup Inspection: Before each startup, ensure that the "liquid level is normal" (the evaporator liquid level should be between 1/2 and 2/3 to prevent dry burning), the "circuit connections are intact" (plugs and wiring terminals are not loose), and the "valve status is correct" (the heating circuit valve is fully open, and the concentration discharge valve is closed).

Avoid overload operation: Do not arbitrarily increase heating power (such as replacing high-power heating tubes without authorization), and do not exceed the rated processing capacity of the equipment for water inlet (such as the equipment labeled "maximum processing capacity 50L/h", with actual water inlet not exceeding 45L/h), to prevent overload tripping of the heating circuit.

Shutdown specifications: Before shutting down, first turn off the heating module. After the temperature of the heating tube drops to room temperature (or below 50°C), stop the circulating pump and drain the wastewater to avoid scaling of residual wastewater in the tube under high temperature conditions or sudden flow interruption leading to dry burning.

4. Circuit and temperature control system inspection: check electrical hazards in advance

Electrical faults (such as leakage, temperature control failure) are prone to cause heating system abnormalities, and regular (once a month) inspections are required:

Circuit insulation inspection: Use a leakage detector to inspect the insulation layers of the heating tube and power cord to ensure no leakage (insulation resistance ≥0.5MΩ); check the grounding line for firmness (grounding resistance ≤4Ω) to avoid leakage triggering a protective trip.

Calibration of temperature controller: Compare the actual temperature of the heating system with the displayed value of the temperature controller using a standard thermometer. If the deviation exceeds ±1℃, calibrate the parameters of the temperature controller in a timely manner. If the temperature controller frequently reports errors, replace it with a spare part of the same model in advance to avoid temperature control failure.

Inspection of electrical components: Check whether the contacts of circuit breakers, contactors, and relays are oxidized or adhered. If there is wear, polish or replace them in time to ensure normal circuit continuity.

5. Special maintenance for heat pump system: prevent the attenuation of heating capacity

If the heating system is of the heat pump type, it is important to maintain the refrigerant and core components:

Refrigerant leakage prevention: Check the refrigerant pipe connections and valves every 3 months for oil contamination (refrigerant leakage can bring out refrigeration oil, forming oil contamination). Use a leak detector to detect leaks, and repair leaks and replenish the corresponding type of refrigerant (such as R32, R410A, which needs to match the equipment requirements) in a timely manner if leaks are found.

Fan and compressor maintenance: Check the heat pump fan monthly for abnormal noise and normal speed, and clean the dust on the fan blades. Check the compressor lubricating oil level every six months. If the oil level is too low or the oil is turbid, replenish/replace the special refrigeration oil in time to avoid compressor wear and tear, which can lead to heating failure.

6. Adapt to the operating environment: Reduce the impact of environmental factors on the heating system

The harsh environment is prone to accelerate the aging of the heating system, and it is necessary to control the operating environmental conditions:

Temperature and humidity: avoid operating in high temperature (>40℃) and high humidity (relative humidity >85%) environment. High temperature will cause difficulty in heat dissipation of heat pump and overload of compressor, while high humidity is easy to cause damp circuit and electric leakage; if the environment is damp, dehumidifier or ventilation equipment can be installed.

Dust protection: If the equipment is installed in a place with a lot of dust (such as a workshop or warehouse), install a dustproof net at the air inlet of the heat pump (clean it once a week) to prevent dust from entering the heat exchanger and affecting heat transfer. At the same time, regularly wipe the equipment housing and electrical control cabinet to prevent dust accumulation and short circuits.